The diagnostic criteria for chronic kidney disease (CKD) serve as a clinical tool for identifying and diagnosing this condition in patients. The primary purpose of these criteria is to facilitate early detection of CKD, enabling timely intervention and management to slow disease progression and mitigate associated complications.
The diagnostic criteria for CKD incorporate a range of clinical and laboratory parameters. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a key component, with a GFR of less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m**2 indicating potential CKD. Markers of kidney damage are also integral to the diagnostic process. These include albuminuria, defined as an albumin excretion rate of 30 mg/24 hours or more, or an albumin-to-creatinine ratio of 30 mg/g or more. Other markers include urine sediment abnormalities, electrolyte and other abnormalities due to tubular disorders, abnormalities detected by histology, structural abnormalities detected by imaging, and a history of kidney transplantation.
The diagnostic criteria for CKD are met if any one or more of these components are present, reflecting the multifactorial nature of this disease. Conversely, if none of these components are present, the diagnostic criteria for CKD are not met. This comprehensive approach ensures a high degree of sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of CKD, supporting optimal patient care and management.
Reference
KDIGO Executive Committee. KDIGO 2012 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. KDIGO. 2013 Jan;3(1).
Open reference URL