The IMPROVE risk score is a tool used to estimate the risk of experiencing a venous thromboembolism (VTE) within three months. It evaluates seven specific clinical factors, assigning numerical values to each factor based on the user's responses. The total score, ranging from 0 to 12, correlates with a specific interpretation of VTE risk.

Here's how the scoring works:

- Previous venous thromboembolism:
  - Yes: 3 points
  - No: 0 points
- Known thrombophilia:
  - Yes: 2 points
  - No: 0 points
- Current lower-limb paralysis:
  - Yes: 2 points
  - No: 0 points
- History of cancer (within the past 5 years):
  - Yes: 2 points
  - No: 0 points
- Immobilized for 7 or more days (just before and during hospital admission):
  - Yes: 1 point
  - No: 0 points
- ICU or CCU stay:
  - Yes: 1 point
  - No: 0 points
- Age over 60 years:
  - Yes: 1 point
  - No: 0 points

By answering these questions, users accumulate a total score by summing the points for each condition that applies. This total score is then used to interpret the risk of VTE as follows:

- Score of 0: Indicates a 0.4% risk of a 3-month VTE.
- Score of 1: Indicates a 0.6% risk.
- Score of 2: Indicates a 1.0% risk.
- Score of 3: Indicates a 1.7% risk.
- Score of 4: Indicates a 2.9% risk.
- Scores from 5 to 10: Correspond to a 7.2% risk.
- Score above 10: Suggests a risk greater than 7.2%.

The calculator concludes by providing both the score and its associated risk interpretation, assisting users and healthcare professionals in understanding the potential for VTE based on individual health indicators and recent medical history.

The IMPROVE risk score for venous thromboembolism is a clinical tool designed for stratifying the risk of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients. The primary components of the IMPROVE risk score include a history of previous venous thromboembolism, known thrombophilia, current lower-limb paralysis, a history of cancer within the past five years, immobilization for seven or more days immediately prior to and during hospital admission, an intensive care unit or coronary care unit stay, and age over 60 years. Each of these components contributes to the overall risk assessment, allowing clinicians to identify patients at higher risk of venous thromboembolism and guide appropriate prophylactic treatment.